Ribosomal Synthesis of Macrocyclic Peptides for Chronic Myelogenous Leukaemia Treatment

Introduction In Nature, the vast majority of polypeptides are synthesized through translation of the messenger RNA (mRNA) by the joint action of the ribosome and the transfer RNA (tRNA). The mRNA is a transcribed copy of the gene that carries genetic information in the form of series of three-nucleotide sequences referred as ‘codon’. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid or a termination signal. Ribosomal translation of the mRNA relies on the specific hybridization between the complementary bases of the codons of the mRNA and the anticodons of the tRNA which is specifically conjugated to its cognate amino acid by an enzyme called aminoacyl tRNA synthase (aaRS). (Figure 1)